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A DNSSEC signature has expired

CriticalConfirmeddns.dnssec.rrsig-expired

What this check looks for

One of your zone's signatures is out of date. Validating resolvers treat an expired signature as a forgery, so they refuse to answer for your domain at all.

Why it matters

Signature expiry is a scheduled outage nobody scheduled. Unlike a certificate, it takes effect the moment the clock passes it, with no browser warning and no grace period — the domain simply stops resolving for a large part of the internet.

When the check passes, your report says: “Every signature in the zone is currently valid”.

What it costs your score

When this check fails it removes 50 points from your DNSSEC score, before the status, confidence and repeat multipliers are applied. DNSSEC carries a weight of 4 in the overall score.

It shares the dnssec.signatures family ceiling of 55 points: however many findings that family produces, together they cannot remove more than that from DNSSEC. One underlying problem showing up in several places is still one problem.

Severity
critical
Default confidence
confirmed
Status when triggered
fail
Deduction
50 points
Family cap
dnssec.signatures · 55
Category
DNSSEC
Module
Dns dnssec
Fix owned by
dns host
In the ruleset since
2026.09

How the whole score is calculated

How to fix it

Re-sign the zone immediately, and set up monitoring for signature expiry.

An expired signature makes the domain unresolvable for every validating resolver.

  1. Re-sign the zone at your DNS host and confirm new RRSIG records with a future expiration appear.

  2. Check the signer's clock and its scheduled re-signing job — an expiry means the automation stopped, and it will stop again.

  3. If you cannot re-sign quickly, removing the DS at the registrar restores resolution as an emergency measure; the domain is then unsigned.

  4. Add expiry monitoring so the next one is caught days ahead rather than by an outage.

How to confirm it worked

  • dig +dnssec SOA ‹domain› — check the RRSIG expiration is in the future

  • delv ‹domain› A — expect "fully validated"

A named slot like ‹domain› — and the braces left in the configuration below — is filled in with your own values when this rule appears on a report.

Technical detail

These signatures are outside their validity window: ‹signature list›. RFC 4034 §3.1.5 defines the inception and expiration fields, and RFC 4035 §5.3.1 requires a validator to reject a signature outside them. A signature that is not yet valid produces the same failure and usually means a clock is wrong on the signing machine. Re-signing is normally automatic; when it stops, it is because the signer crashed, the keys became unavailable, or a manual signing process was forgotten.

Standards and references

Test this on your domain

Run the check that produces this finding, on its own, against any domain.

Open the dns dnssec checker

Other dns dnssec checks